There are armed soldiers all over the place, and there are armed security guards for some tour groups. The soldiers carry M-4s or Tavors, some with grenade launcher attachments. The private security personnel dress as civilians and carry M1s or pistols. If I was Israeli, I would have worked in private security after my mandatory armed forces stint.
At no time in Israel did I ever feel remotely unsafe. It is fair to say that from a crime perspective, Oakland is far more dangerous than the entire country of Israel. In fact, Oakland is an insane nightmare in comparison.
I am told that every house in Israel has a bomb shelter. The private homes I stayed in were more secure than stateside homes, with 3-bolt locks on the front doors and steel window shutters on all windows and sliding glass doors.
Israeli plumbing: Cheap and innovative. Typical plastic, bendable S-bend and pipe. Why don't we do that in the US? It's effective and no plumber is needed to unclog the S-bend.